Transformation Products of Tire Rubber Antioxidant 6PPD in
6PPD, a tire rubber antioxidant, poses substantial ecological risks because it can form a highly toxic quinone transformation product (TP), 6PPD-quinone (6PPDQ), during exposure to gas-phase ozone. Important data gaps exist regarding the structures, reaction mechanisms, and environmental occurrence of TPs from 6PPD ozonation. To address these data gaps, gas-phase ozonation of 6PPD was
(PDF) Rubber Antioxidants and Their Transformation Products
Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhiruo Yang Wenjuan Li Abstract and Figures Antioxidants are prevalently used during rubber production to improve rubber performance, delay aging, and extend…
Chemical Characteristics, Leaching, and Stability of the Ubiquitous
We here report chemical characteristics relevant to the fate and transport of the recently discovered environmental toxicant 6PPD-quinone (2- ( (4-methylpentan-2-yl)amino)-5-…
Transformation Products of Tire Rubber Antioxidant 6PPD in
6PPD, a tire rubber antioxidant, poses substantial ecological risks because it can form a highly toxic quinone transformation product (TP), 6PPD-quinone (6PPDQ), during exposure to…
Chemical characteristics, leaching, and stability of the ubiquitous
We here report chemical characteristics relevant to the fate and transport of the recently discovered environmental toxicant 6PPD-quinone (2-((4-methylpentan-2-yl)amino)-5-(phenylamino)cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione or ¡°6PPDQ¡±). 6PPDQ is a transformation product of the tire rubber antioxidant 6PPD that is ubi Contaminant remediation and fate Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts
Rubber Antioxidants and Their Transformation Products: Environmental
China is one of the main countries producing rubber antioxidants, and the production accounts for more than 70% of the total amount globally. The production of rubber antioxidants in China ranged from 365,000 to 378,000 tons during 2016¨C2020, showing a constant annual trend .
Computational Studies of Rubber Ozonation Explain the Effectiveness
This and other pressures have led the development of highly effective rubber additives that protect rubber from degradation during manufacture and use, 2 most notably p-phenylenediamines (PPDs). 3,4 Among these, 6PPD (N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N¡ä-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine) in particular has gained ubiquity in the tire industry and is included at 0.5¨C1.5 wt % in standard formulations. 2 As a
A new toxicity mechanism of – ScienceDirect
The fate and distribution of 6PPD and 6PPD-quinone would be influenced by environmental factors such as temperature, illumination, and storm events, etc. Although 6PPD and 6PPD-quinone have potential adverse effects on aquatic organisms, and 6PPD-quinone has species-specific toxicity, toxicological mechanisms of these compounds are still unclear.
Recent progress in the rubber antioxidants: A review
Xueliang Jiang a , Liqun Zhang b Add to Mendeley https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110223 Get rights and content Highlights ? The strategies to improve the anti-oxidative efficiency of rubber antioxidants have been presented. ? Recent advances to minimize the blooming and migration of antioxidants have been summarized. ?
6PPD – Wikipedia
6PPD. Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 ¡ãC [77 ¡ãF], 100 kPa). 6PPD is an organic chemical widely used as stabilising additive (or antidegradant) in rubbers, such as NR, SBR and BR; all of which are common in vehicle tires. [1] Although it is an effective antioxidant it is primarily used